هوش مصنوعی و معماری بررسی تطبیقی طراحی انسان‌محور و ماشین‌محور

دوره 22، شماره 147
شهریور 1404
صفحه 5-18

نوع مقاله : مقالۀ پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه معماری، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران.

چکیده
بیان مسئله: با وجود قابلیت‌های هوش مصنوعی در تسریع و بهبود فرایندهای معماری، پرسش‌هایی اساسی دربارۀ جایگاه خلاقیت انسانی و توانایی حفظ اصالت و هویت فرهنگی در طراحی‌های تولیدشده توسط هوش مصنوعی مطرح است.
هدف پژوهش: هدف از این پژوهش بررسی تطبیقی زیبایی‌شناسی طراحی معماری انسان‌محور و ماشین‌محور است.
روش پژوهش: این تحقیق براساس هدف، یک تحقیق کاربردی است. و از نظر ماهیت و روش در شمار تحقیقات توصیفی -تحلیلی محسوب می‌شود. در این مطالعه، چهار طرح منتخب از مسابقات مدرسۀ معماری ایرانی انتخاب و با استفاده از هوش مصنوعی طرح‌های مشابهی تولید شد. نمونه‌ها توسط اساتید، مشاوران و دانشجویان معماری و غیرمعماری براساس پنج مؤلفۀ خلاقیت، هماهنگی، اصالت، جذابیت و کلیت ارزیابی شدند.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان داد که در مؤلفۀ اصالت، طراحی‌های انسانی به‌طور قابل‌توجهی برتر ارزیابی شدند، اما در مؤلفۀ هماهنگی، طراحی‌های هوش مصنوعی برتری اندکی داشتند. همچنین، جذابیت طراحی‌های انسانی بیشتر مورد تأیید اساتید و مشاوران قرار گرفت، در حالی که دانشجویان غیرمعماری تمایل بیشتری به طراحی‌های هوش مصنوعی نشان دادند. به‌طور کلی، جامعۀ معماران، طراحی‌های انسانی را برتر دانستند اما انحراف معیار در ارزیابی‌ها به ذهنی بودن قضاوت‌ها و تنوع ترجیحات زیبایی‌شناختی اشاره دارد. این پژوهش بر اهمیت حفظ خلاقیت انسانی در معماری تأکید داشته و هوش مصنوعی را ابزاری مکمل برای بهبود فرایندهای طراحی می‌داند، نه جایگزینی کامل برای طراحان انسانی.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Artificial Intelligence and Architecture A Comparative Study of Human-Centered and Machine-Centered Design

نویسنده English

Abbas Sedaghati
Department of Architecture, Ur.c., Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.
چکیده English

Problem statement: Although artificial intelligence (AI) offers unprecedented speed and precision in architectural workflows, fundamental questions remain regarding the role of human creativity and the capacity of AI-generated designs to preserve authenticity and cultural identity.
Research objective: This study conducts a comparative investigation of the aesthetic qualities inherent in human‐centered versus machine‐centered architectural design.
Research method: Framed as an applied, descriptive-analytical inquiry, the research selected four winning proposals from an Iranian school architecture competition and generated analogous schemes using AI platforms. These eight designs were evaluated by a panel of university faculty, consulting engineers, and both architecture and non-architecture students. Each participant assessed all proposals across five criteria: creativity, harmony, authenticity, attractiveness, and general Concept.
Conclusion: Results reveal that human‐generated designs significantly outperform AI‐produced schemes on authenticity, while AI designs exhibit a slight advantage in harmony. In terms of visual attractiveness, faculty and consulting engineers favored human designs, whereas non-architecture students showed a marked preference for AI proposals. Overall, the architectural community predominantly judged human‐crafted works superior, though the high standard deviations in ratings underscore the subjective nature of aesthetic judgments and the diversity of individual preferences.
The study underscores the indispensable value of human creativity in architecture and positions AI as a complementary tool for enhancing the design process, rather than as a wholesale substitute for human designers.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Architectural Design
  • AI-Generated Design
  • Aesthetics
  • Creativity
  • Evaluation
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