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فراتحلیل و مرور نظام‌مند تأثیر کیفیت مسکن و ویژگی‌های خانوار بر انتخاب و ترجیحات فضای مسکونی (در شهرهای مطالعه‌شده در ایران)

https://doi.org/10.22034/bagh.2025.449834.5583
دوره 22، شماره 148
مهر 1404
صفحه 5-28
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نوع مقاله : مقالۀ مروری

نویسندگان

مهسا مختاری 1
سید محمدرضا میرعلایی 1
رضا نصر اصفهانی 2

1 گروه معماری، واحد اراک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اراک، ایران

2 گروه اقتصاد و کارآفرینی، دانشکدۀ پژوهش‌های عالی هنر و کارآفرینی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، ایران

چکیده
بیان مسئله: تصمیم‌گیری طراحان و معماران در اولویت‌دهی به شاخص‌های کیفی مسکن مورد نظر کاربران، یکی از مسائل حائز اهمیت در طراحی مسکونی به شمار می‌رود. به همین منظور، نقش کیفیت مسکن و شاخص‌های وابسته به آن در انتخاب و ترجیحات مسکن در مطالعات مختلف بررسی شده است. با این حال، این تحقیقات به دلیل گستردگی و تنوع روش‌ها، کم‌توجهی به شاخص‌های طراحی معماری، تعاریف متفاوت از عوامل مؤثر بر کیفیت مسکن و همچنین تناقضات در نتایج و خلأهای پژوهشی، نتوانسته‌اند به‌خوبی به چالش‌های طراحان و معماران پاسخ دهند.
هدف پژوهش: هدف این پژوهش شناسایی، مقایسه و بررسی نتایج پژوهش‌های مرتبط با تأثیر شاخص‌های مؤثر بر کیفیت معماری مسکونی از دیدگاه کاربران در انتخاب یا ترجیح مسکن است. این تحقیق به شناسایی خلأها و تناقضات موجود در مطالعات قبلی پرداخته و در نهایت، نتایج به‌دست‌آمده را برای استفاده در طراحی مسکن در شهرهای مورد بررسی و کمک به پژوهش‌های آینده، ارائه می‌دهد.
روش پژوهش: در این پژوهش، با استفاده از روش فراتحلیل و مرور نظام‌مند کیفی و کمّی، کلیه پژوهش‌های مرتبط با نقش «کیفیت مسکن» و «ویژگی‌های خانوار» در «انتخاب مسکن» و یا «ترجیحات مسکن» از میان مقالات علمی پژوهشی کشور ایران در سال‌های 1388 تا 1402 بررسی و محدود به شاخص‌های مربوط به فضای داخلی واحدهای مسکونی و ساختمان‌، غربالگری شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج متوجه این خلأ است که از نظر پراکندگی جغرافیایی پژوهش‌های این حوزه درشهرهای بزرگ بودند و تناقض‌ها در مورد چگونگی تأثیر شاخص‌های مختلف کیفی مسکن و مشخصه‌های خانوار در انتخاب یا ترجیح آن به تفکیک شهر نمایان شد. شا‌خص‌های اندازه و متراژ واحد و تعداد اتاق خواب در حوزۀ واحد مسکونی و ملاحظات ایمنی و امنیتی و نما بیشترین تکرار و شاخص‌هایی‌ مانند روابط عملکردی فضاها، انعطاف‌پذیری معماری، جهت‌گیری ساختمان، خانۀ هوشمند، مشارکت در طراحی و ... کمترین میزان توجه در مطالعات را به خود اختصاص دادند و تعداد متوسط شاخص‌ در پژوهش‌های انتخاب مسکن کمتر از مطالعات ترجیحات مسکن گزارش شد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

فراتحلیل
مرور نظام‌مند
شاخص‌های کیفیت مسکن
انتخاب مسکن
ترجیحات مسکن
شاخص‌های خانوار
کاربران مسکن

عنوان مقاله English

A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review on the Impact of Housing Quality and Household Characteristics on Residential Space Choices and Preferences in Iranian Cities

نویسندگان English

Mahsa Mokhtari 1
Seyed Mohammadreza Miralayi 1
Reza Nasr Isfahani 2
1 Department of Architecture, Ar.C., Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
2 Department of Economics and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Advanced Studies in Art and Entrepreneurship, Isfahan University of Art, Iran
چکیده English

Problem statement: The decision made by designers and architects to prioritize housing attributes desired by users is one of the pressing issues in housing design. For this purpose, both the role of housing quality and its associated attributes affecting housing choices and preferences have been examined in various studies. However, these studies have not been able to meet the challenges of designers and architects adequately due to the diversity of methods, lack of attention to architectural design attributes, different definitions of factors affecting housing quality, as well as inconsistencies in results.
Research objective: This study aims to identify, compare, and examine the results of research related to the impact of effective attributes on the quality of residential architecture through the lens of users in choosing or preferring housing. This research identifies gaps and presents inconsistencies in previous studies and ultimately provides the results that can be used in housing design in the investigated cities and contribute to future research.
Research method: This study adopted a meta-analysis and systematic qualitative and quantitative review method. For this purpose, all research related to the roles of “housing quality” and “household characteristics” in “housing choice” or “housing preferences” was reviewed. The studies were published in scientific research articles in Iran from 2009 to 2023 and were limited to attributes related to the interior space of residential units and buildings.
Conclusion: The results indicate a gap in the investigated issue in large cities. Moreover, inconclusive reports on the impact of various housing attributes and household characteristics on housing selection or preference were revealed by the city. The attributes of unit size and area, number of bedrooms in the residential unit area, safety and security considerations, and facade were the most frequently mentioned, while attributes such as functional relationships of spaces, architectural flexibility, building orientation, smart home, participation in design, etc. received the least attention in the studies, and the average number of attributes in housing selection studies was reported to be less than in housing preference studies.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Meta-analysis
  • Systematic review
  • Housing quality attributes
  • Housing choices
  • Housing preferences
  • Household attributes
  • Housing users
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