In contemporary research, the significance of natural light in the lives of the elderly has transcended mere visual considerations. Studies indicate that daylight profoundly influences circadian rhythm regulation, sleep quality improvement, depression reduction, and cognitive function enhancement in elderly individuals. However, a comprehensive understanding of the non-visual effects of natural light, particularly in home environments and personal residences, remains incomplete. This study aims to systematically review scientific literature on the non-visual effects of natural light on the elderly in individual housing, identifying research trends while delineating existing dimensions and gaps in the field. The research methodology follows a systematic review approach, utilising national and international academic databases. Keywords such as natural light, elderly, non-visual effects, personal housing, and circadian rhythm were searched within 2000 to 2024, with inclusion and exclusion criteria applied for data refinement. A scientometric approach was also employed, leveraging VOSviewer software to identify high-frequency keywords and co-citation networks. Findings indicate that natural light, particularly during morning hours, plays a pivotal role in regulating the sleep-wake cycle of the elderly, contributing to improved sleep patterns, increased alertness, and reduced depressive symptoms. Moreover, optimal architectural design—incorporating well-positioned windows, skylights, and appropriate spectral lighting—can enhance cognitive performance and mental well-being in elderly individuals within their homes. The results underscore that natural light is one of the most influential environmental factors affecting elderly health and should be optimally integrated into residential architectural design. Ensuring adequate daylight exposure and carefully controlling its intensity and spectrum can serve as fundamental strategies to enhance the quality of life for the elderly and mitigate age-related disorders.