The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh-e Nazar

Phenomenological Function of Formal Elements of the Cinema (With Emphasis on Husserl’s Phenomenology)

https://doi.org/10.22034/bagh.2023.364402.5315
Volume 20, Issue 126
December 2023
Pages 49-60
The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh-e Nazar

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

Mohamadreza Faghih Habibi 1
Ali Sheikhmehdi 2
Maryam Bakhtiarian 3

1 Ph.D. Student of Philosophy of Art, Department of Law, Theology and Political Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Associate Professor of Animation and Cinema Group, Department of Art, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor of Philosophy of Art Group, Department of Law, Theology and Political Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract
Abstract
Problem statement: Among the components of the phenomenological approach, the epochē is the element that carries the methodological aspect of this approach more than other components. On the other hand, a movie has full of form elements that can affect the audience’s perception, whether or not they are used or how each of these elements is used. This research tries to deal with the phenomenological encounter with the object through the medium of cinema and a movie.
Research objective: The research purpose is to examine the possibility of the phenomenological reduction of external objects and aesthetic objects through cinema and a movie.
Research method: The article with an analytical method among the components of phenomenology has highlighted its only methodological element, epochē. Then, with a descriptive-analytical method, it measures the ratio of all the formal elements in a movie with the epochē.
Conclusion: The article shows that there is a possibility of phenomenological reduction of the external objects through a movie and this possibility is realized in the first way in the aesthetic objects.
The article introduces “Epochēe” as the only tool of phenomenological reduction. It discusses the possibility of phenomenology through the movie, concludes that such a thing is available through the formal elements of the movie, and then looks into this possibility. First, it highlights the formal structural elements and explains the appropriateness of the phenomenological approach in selecting each structural element and using them. Next, it points to the non-structural formal elements separately and examines how to implement these formal elements to epochē objects as much as possible. The article shows that although it is possible to epochē an external object through a movie, this epochē is considered a second-hand method in epistemology. In contrast, in the field of aesthetics and its related objects, they are regarded as a first-hand encounter.

Keywords

Epochēe
Formal
Intentionality
Movie
Object
Phenomenology
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