The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh-e Nazar

Investigating the Spatial Structure of Tehran’s Late Qajar and Early Pahlavi Houses Using the Criteria of the Iranian House Model with a Focus on the Hierarchy of Access

https://doi.org/10.22034/bagh.2024.403828.5404
Volume 21, Issue 133
July 2024
Pages 43-56
The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh-e Nazar

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

Javaher Kooti 1
Jaleh Sabernejad 2
Mehrdad Matin 3

1 Ph.D. in Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art & Architecture, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor of Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art & Architecture, South branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor of Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art & Architecture, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract
Problem statement: The role and position of the house in Iranian architecture have been of paramount importance since ancient times, and various patterns influenced by factors such as climate, religion, and culture can be observed in the design of each of them. The principle of privacy, which is one of the valuable principles in Iranian architecture, has also been used in the structure of historical houses. In Iranian houses, this principle is derived from religious, cultural, social beliefs, and other factors in the integration of architectural structure.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the hierarchy of access with an emphasis on privacy and attention to patterns and spaces in the architecture of historical houses in Iran within the framework of the integration of architectural structure and lifestyle, and its impact on the examined samples. According to the research hypothesis, it seems that by using spatial arrangement based on the principles of privacy preservation in houses in Tehran during the late Qajar and early Pahlavi periods, it is possible to achieve functional patterns emphasizing private space and changes in human needs over time.
Method: This research involves examining the privacy hierarchy in the entrances of 8 historical houses in the late Qajar and early Pahlavi periods in Tehran, as well as quantitative analysis and evaluation of spaces. To investigate the principles of indigenous architecture and compare the existing regulations, the mentioned data were collected through field research and analyzed using Spss 22 and Depth Map software. By employing logical reasoning, the correlation between the research criteria in these houses was examined.
Results: The results of this study indicate that attention to the hierarchy of access, entrance, and spatial relationships based on responding to the human needs of the two periods under study are among the most important elements in the design of houses of the mentioned era, leading to the definition of patterns for these houses.which led to the definition of patterns.

Keywords

Traditional houses
Privacy
Entrance
Spatial arrangement
Human needs
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