In order to teach religious philosophy and affairs in a religious space, Theocratic regimes of have begun to build a new school called the mosque-school with the help of the field provided by the mosque-shrines and the mosque-khanghah. Several studies have been conducted on the formation of these particular buildings and their properties; however, it seems that these architectural buildings still have many instructions for contemporary architecture of Iran.
In this research, descriptive, historical-analytical research method has been used and the required information has been collected through written sources and field studies. In the article, suitable methods for typology were investigated and an interpretive method was found to be appropriate for the specific typology. Accordingly, the form and structure of the mosque-schools were studied and it was attempted to suggest a suitable typography based on the way of placement and the relationship between the two educational and religious parts and functions of building. The present study, based on the results, divides and categorizes this type of architectural buildings into three general groups.
The first types of mosque-schools, in the central region of Iran -including Isfahan, Kashan and Yazd-have been constructed with a distinct view of Islamic Sharia based on the separation of religious and educational space. The second types of mosque-schools are simpler and more modest, and are designed and implemented in situations of lower political and social sensitivity with broad geographic spread. In the third type of our suggested typology, which is more recent of two other types, the full composition of the mosque and school has emerged. This type was very popular in Tehran and during the Qajar period and mosque-school form and structure of Marvi mosque-school had great effect on this type and followed by many of its mosque-schools.
An examination of the existing relationships between the time and place and the form of the mosque-schools indicates the influence of religious beliefs and sensitivities, the amount of costs and space intended to build and following of the form and composition of well-known mosque-schools.