Abdollahzadeh, N., Bolandhemmatan, K., & Shirbegi, N. (2021). Privatization of schools and reproduction of educational inequality: Constructing experiences of secondary school principals in Sanandaj city. Journal of Welfare and Social Development, 4, 147–186. https://doi.org/10.22054/qjsd.2021.60201.2159 
Alvandipour, N., & Dadashpoor, H. (2018). Meta-analysis of studies related to spatial justice in Iran at the urban scale during 2004–2015. Urban Planning Research Quarterly, 9(2), 69–86. https://doi.org/10.30473/grup.2018.4456 
Ashik, F. R., Mim, S. A., & Neema, M. N. (2020). Towards vertical spatial equity of urban facilities: An integration of spatial and aspatial accessibility. Journal of Urban Management, 9(1), 77-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2019.11.004 
Bell, K. (2019). Transforming social work for environmental justice: Theory, practice, and education: Commentary on “advancing transformative eco-social change: Shifting from modernist to holistic foundations”(boetto, 2019) and “integrating the natural environment in social work education: Sustainability and scenario-based learning”(papadopoulos, 2019). Australian Social Work, 72(2), 242–244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0312407X.2019.1569080 
Chang, H. S., & Liao, C. H. (2011). Exploring an integrated method for measuring the relative spatial equity in public facilities in the context of urban parks. Cities, 28(5), 361-371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2011.04.002 
Chang, Z., Chen, J., Li, W., & Li, X. (2019). Public transportation and the spatial inequality of urban park accessibility: New evidence from Hong Kong. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 76, 111-122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2019.09.012 
Chen, X., De Vries, S., Assmuth, T., Dick, J., Hermans, T., Hertel, O., & Lanki, T. (2019). Research challenges for cultural ecosystem services and public health in (peri-) urban environments. Science of the Total Environment, 651, 2118-2129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.030
Dadashpoor, H., Rostami, F., & Alizadeh, B. (2014). Analysis of the equitable distribution of urban services and their spatial distribution pattern in Hamedan city. Urban Studies, 3(12), 5–18. https://urbstudies.uok.ac.ir/article_10944.htm 
Dadashpoor, H., Alizadeh, B., & Rostami, F. (2015). Determination of conceptual framework from spatial justice in urban planning with focus on the justice concept in islamic school. Naqshejahan- Basic studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning, 5(1), 75-84. https://dor.isc.ac/dor/20.1001.1.23224991.1394.5.1.1.2 
Dadashpoor, H., Rostami, F., & Alizadeh, B. (2016). Is inequality in the distribution of urban facilities inequitable? Exploring a method for identifying spatial inequity in an Iranian city. Cities, 52, 159-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2015.12.007  
Dadashpoor, H., & Rostami, F. (2017). Measuring spatial proportionality between service availability, accessibility, and mobility: Empirical evidence using spatial equity approach in Iran. Journal of Transport Geography, 65, 44-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2017.10.002 
Dadashpoor, H., & Sajadi, A. (2024). Principles of just urban land use planning. Land Use Policy, 141, 107132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107132
Dadashpoor, H., & Dehghan, R. (2025). Defining spatial justice: A review. Habitat International, 160, 103387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103387  
Dargahi, F., & Shamloo, J. I. (2023). Investigating the realization of spatial justice based on multi-criteria decision-making methods in a metropolis in northwest Iran. Sustainable Cities and Society, 99, 104986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2023.104986 
Erkip, F. B. (1997). The distribution of urban public services: the case of parks and recreational services in Ankara. Cities, 14(6), 353-361. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0264-2751(97)00026-7  
Fayyazmanesh, F., & Ranjbarki, A. (2017). The effect of privatization of public services on economic efficiency and government revenue. Applied Theories of Economics, 4(2), 143–168.
Foucault, M. (1993). Space, power, and knowledge. Ashgate Publishing.
Harvey, D. (1973). Social justice and the city. University of Georgia Press.
Iran, S. (2016). Statistical Centre of Iran. Iran Population and Housing Census, 2016.
Karimian Bostani, M., & Molaei Hashtjin, N. (2012). Spatial justice assessment of educational centers in Zahedan using GIS. Journal of Geographical Space, 12(40), 170–189. http://geographical-space.iau-ahar.ac.ir/article-1-73-fa.html 
Kinman, E. L. (1999). Evaluating health service equity at a primary care clinic in Chilimarca, Bolivia. Social Science & Medicine, 49(5), 663-678. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(99)00147-1 
Landry, S. M., & Chakraborty, J. (2009). Street trees and equity: evaluating the spatial distribution of an urban amenity. Environment and Planning A, 41(11), 2651-2670. https://doi.org/10.1068/a41236 
Liao, C. H., Hsueh-Sheng, C., & Tsou, K. W. (2009). Explore the spatial equity of urban public facility allocation based on sustainable development viewpoint: In 14th International Conference on Urban Planning and Regional Development in the Information Society.
Lindsey, G., Maraj, M., & Kuan, S. (2001). Access, equity, and urban greenways: An exploratory investigation. The Professional Geographer, 53(3), 332-346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0033-0124.00288 
Lotfi, S., & Koohsari, M. J. (2009). Measuring objective accessibility to neighborhood facilities in the city (A case study: Zone 6 in Tehran, Iran). Cities, 26(3), 133-140.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2009.02.006   
Lucas, K. (2012). A critical assessment of accessibility planning for social inclusion. In Accessibility Analysis and Transport Planning (pp. 228-242). Edward Elgar Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781781000106.00022 
Lucas, K., & Jones, P. (2012). Social impacts and equity issues in transport: an introduction. Journal of Transport Geography, 21, 1-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2012.01.032 
Lucy, W. (1981). Equity and planning for local services. Journal of the American Planning Association, 47(4), 447-457. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944368108976526 
Manouchehri Miyandoab, A., Ramezani Mehrian, M., & Ramezani, M. A. (2023). Evaluation of urban expansion and its effect on the formation of urban poverty (a case study of Urmia city). Urban Structure and Function Studies, 10(37), 167-194. https://doi.org/10.22080/usfs.2023.25441.2356 
Marcuse, P. (2009). Spatial justice: derivative but causal of social injustice. Spatial Justice, 1(4), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.4000/BOOKS.PUPO.420 
Marcuse, P., Connolly, J., Novy, J., Olivo, I., Potter, C., & Steil, J. (Eds.). (2009). Searching for the just city: Debates in urban theory and practice. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203878835 
Nicholls, S., & Shafer, C. S. (2001). Measuring accessibility and equity in a local park system: the utility of geospatial technologies to park and recreation professionals. Journal of Park & Recreation Administration, 19(4). 
Ogryczak, W. (2000). Inequality measures and equitable approaches to location problems. European Journal of Operational Research, 122(2), 374-391. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(99)00240-4 
Omer, I. (2006). Evaluating accessibility using house-level data: A spatial equity perspective. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 30(3), 254-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2005.06.004 
Ottensmann, J. R. (1994). Evaluating equity in service delivery in library branches. Journal of Urban Affairs, 16(2), 109-123. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9906.1994.tb00320.x 
Papadopoulos, A. G. (2019). Spatial justice in Europe, Territoriality, mobility, and peripherality. Europa XXI, 37, 5–21. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2019.37.1 
Pourahmad, A., & Khaliji, M. A. (2014). Feasibility analysis of urban services using the VIKOR technique: A case study of Bonab city. Spatial Planning (Geography), 4(2), 1–16. https://dor.isc.ac/dor/20.1001.1.22287485.1393.4.2.1.7 
Pourahmad, A., Zangeneh Shahreki, S., & Saberi, A. (2023). Analysis of spatial justice in access to urban services: A case study of Yasuj city. Geography and Development, 71, 1–31. https://doi.org/10.22111/gdij.2023.7588 
Rahman, M., & Neema, M. N. (2015). A GIS-based integrated approach to measure the spatial equity of community facilities of Bangladesh. Aims Geosciences, 1(1), 21-40. https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2015.1.21 
Rahnama, M. R., & Zabihi, J. (2011). تحلیل توزیع تسهیلات عمومی شهری در راستای عدالت فضایی با مدل یکپارچۀ دسترسی در مشهد [Analysis of the distribution of urban public facilities toward spatial justice using an integrated accessibility model in Mashhad]. Geography and Development, 23, 5–26. [in Persian]. https://doi:10.22111/GDIJ.2011.543 
Ramezani Mehriyan, M., & Manouchehri Miyandoab, E. (2022). Spatial analysis of poor groups' access to urban services (Case: Urmia City). Journal of Spatial Planning and Geomatics, 26(3), 75–104. https://doi.org/10.2022/hsmsp.26.3.4 
Roustayi, Sh., Babaei, E. N., & Kamalifar, Z. (2013). The Assessment of Spatial Justice in the Distribution of Urban Services (Case study: Tabriz Metropolis). Geographical Planning of Space Quarterly Journal, 3(10), 82–101. https://gps.gu.ac.ir/article_7385.html 
Saeidi Rezvani, H., & Nourian, F. (2014). Just City planning and its position within social justice. Motaleate Shahri, 3(12), 47-58. 
Safari, K., Abdollahzadeh Taraf, A., Mousavi, M. S., & Faramarzi Asl, M. (2022). Evaluation of structural-distributive spatial justice with emphasis on the role of urban management (Case study: Urmia city). International Journal of Urban and Rural Management, 66, 43–69. http://ijurm.imo.org.ir/article-1-3212-fa.html 
Sandel, M. J. (2007). Justice: A reader. Oxford University Press.
Sharma, G., & Patil, G. R. (2024). Urban spatial structure and equity for urban services through the lens of accessibility. Transport Policy, 146, 72-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2023.10.017 
Smith, D. M. (1994). Geography and social justice. Blackwell.
Smoyer Tomic, K. E., Hewko, J. N., & Hodgson, M. J. (2004). Spatial accessibility and equity of playgrounds in Edmonton, Canada. Canadian Geographer/ Le Géographe Canadien, 48(3), 287-302. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0008-3658.2004.00061.x 
Soja, E. (2010). Spatializing the urban, Part I. City, 14(6), 629-635. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0008-3658.2004.00061.x 
Tabibian, M., Shokoohi, M. S., & Arbab, P. (2010). Evaluation of social justice in urban renovation plan of Khoobbakht quarter of Tehran. Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development, 3(5), 111-122.
Taleai, M., Sliuzas, R., & Flacke, J. (2014). An integrated framework for assessing the equity of urban public facilities using spatial multi-criteria analysis. Cities, 40, 56–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2014.04.006 
Talen, E., & Anselin, L. (1998). Assessing spatial equity: an evaluation of measures of accessibility to public playgrounds. Environment and Planning A, 30(4), 595-613. https://doi.org/10.1068/a300595 
Tsou, K. W., Hung, Y. T., & Chang, Y. L. (2005). An accessibility-based integrated measure of relative spatial equity in urban public facilities. Cities, 22(6), 424–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2005.07.004