The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh-e Nazar

Investigation of the Position of Liminality in the Architecture of Villa Houses in the Northern Area of Central Tehran Constructed During the Pahlavi Era Based on the Concept of Dwelling by Norberg Schulz

https://doi.org/10.22034/bagh.2024.423168.5479
Volume 21, Issue 135
September 2024
Pages 21-40
The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh-e Nazar

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

Farzaneh Ghasemi 1
Seyyed Saeed Seyyed Ahmadi Zavieh 2
Arezou Monshizadeh 3

1 Ph.D. in Art Research, Department of Art Research, Faculty of Farabi International Campus, Iran University of Art, Tehran, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Art Research, Faculty of Theoretical Sciences & Higher Art Studies, Iran University of Art, Tehran, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Art, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract
Problem statement: Liminality as the middle state of the phase of rites of passage, including separation, transition, and incorporation of the viewpoint of pundit anthropologists, has a basic position in dwelling whose essence is the dialectic of settling and wandering in Norberg-Schulz’s viewpoint; Therefore investigation of the position of liminality in spaces based on the result of explicating liminality in dwelling including hierarchy, articulation, openness and permeability, robustness, variety and dynamism is an essential matter in the field of creating spaces especially residential architecture as private mode of dwelling.
Research objective: The goals of this article are to investigate the position of liminality in villa houses of the Pahlavi era in the North of the central part of Tehran and the differences of liminality’s position in different areas of those buildings in the first and second parts of Pahlavi era. Pahlavi era is chosen as the period of research according to fields and samples of changing liminality in residential buildings and Tehran is chosen as a place of research because it was directly exposed to these changes as a capital and model of other cities.
Research method: This descriptive-analytical research has been done through investigation cases based on inscriptive studying, field observation, documentation, and comparative analyzing findings.
Conclusion: The results of the research show that the position of hierarchy, articulation, and openness has been changed; In this way, inattention to these characters in the outer area of building’s entrances, room entrances, and exterior spaces and surfaces leads to dominance of openness and separation; obscurity and sudden entry; and domination of other buildings; while the entrance of interior spaces in connection with stairs had more impressive role progressively and made transitional center in the whole of space. Moreover, robustness, variety, and dynamism have been figured agreeable especially in semi-opened spaces of the second part of the Pahlavi era, despite domination.

Keywords

Liminality
Passage
Hierarchy
Articulation
House
Pahlavi era
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